Anuradhapura – Uncovering the Ancient Heritage of Sri Lanka’s First Capital

Principal Attractions in Anuradhapura

The beauty and importance of the many historical and religious monuments in Anuradhapura enthrall tourists. Some of the most well-known sights are as follows:
1. Maha Bodhi
Central to the spiritual and historical setting of Anuradhapura is the Sacred Bo Tree, also called Sri Maha Bodhi. Admired by Buddhists throughout, it is said to be a straight relative of the tree beneath which the Buddha became awakened. In the calm grounds around the tree, travelers and tourists meet to pray and relax. The smaller stupas and shrines dotting the area provide a peaceful setting for reflection and spiritual service.

2. Rudanwelisaya
Among the most famous buildings in Anuradhapura, the Ruwanwelisaya Stupa was built by King Dutugemunu in the second century BCE. Standing 103 meters tall and 290 meters in diameter, this enormous white dagoba is a key location for Buddhist ceremonies and festivals. A must-see sight, the stupa is surrounded by a wall of elephant sculptures and is a work of architectural genius.

3. Sri Maha Bodhi
Situated next to the Sri Maha Bodhi is the Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi, another very important holy fig tree. It is said to have sprung from an Indian branch of the original Bodhi tree. Popular for pilgrimages, the place draws sizable crowds of followers on full moon Poya days to offer prayers and participate in religious rituals.

4. Jetavanaramaya
Jetavanaramaya, at around 122 meters, was the highest stupa in antiquity when it was constructed by King Mahasena in the third century CE. The enormous scope and complex construction of it capture the religious zeal and architectural inventiveness of the day. A center of Buddhist prayer, the stupa continues to represent the historical importance of Anuradhapura.

5.Abhayagiri Monastery
First founded by King Valagamba in the first century BCE, the Abhayagiri Monastery was a significant hub for Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism. Encircling the magnificent Abhayagiri Stupa in the compound are a number of monastery buildings, including refectories, meditation rooms, and swimming pools. Scholars and monks from around Asia came to the monastery, which served as a center of intellectual and religious activity.

6. Thuparamaya Stupa
The third-century BCE construction of Thuparamaya, regarded as the earliest stupa in Sri Lanka, was undertaken by King Devanampiya Tissa. According to legend, it holds a Buddha collarbone relic. Though it has had many architectural modifications throughout the ages, the stupa is still a major pilgrimage destination. Its historical attractiveness is increased by the colonnade of stone pillars around it.

7. Isuramuniya Vihara
Isurumuniya is a small rock shrine with beautiful sculptures near the Tissa Wewa reservoir. Famously etched into the rock face are the Isurumuniya Lovers. Featuring a quiet pond and breathtaking views of the surroundings, the temple complex gives guests a serene haven.

8. Twin Ponds, Kuttam Pokuna
Constructed in the sixth century CE under the reign of King Aggabodhi I, the Twin Ponds are a wonder of classical hydraulic design. The Abhayagiri Monastery monks utilize these swimming pools, which demonstrate the intricacy of the old Sri Lankan water management systems. The elaborate patterns and ornamental components of the ponds show off the craftsmanship of the past.

9. Mirisawetiya
Built by King Dutugemunu in the second century BCE, the Mirisawetiya Stupa honors the monarch’s conquest over the Chola invaders. The stupa is still significant historically and religiously, even after several repairs. Anuradhapura’s legacy includes this well-liked place of worship.

Additional Notable Anuradhapura Sites

Apart from the principal sights, Anuradhapura has a number of additional historical and religious sites.

Lankarama Stupa
Constructed by King Valagamba, this stupa is distinguished by a moat and a circular courtyard.
Ratnaprasada (Gem Palace): An old monastery well-known for its exquisitely sculpted stairs and guard stones.

Lovamahapaya (Brazen Palace)
Previously a nine-story structure with a bronze roof, it functioned as an assembly hall and monastic home.

Vessagiri
Buddhist monks used to live in rock shelters, and there are old cave inscriptions.
The remains of a palace constructed by King Vijayabahu I that exhibits the architectural style of the time are known as the “Royal Palace of King Vijayabahu I.”.

Using Anuradhapura Practically

Follow these tips to maximize your time in Anuradhapura:

The ideal time to go

Visiting Anuradhapura is best done between May and September, during the dry season. The temperature is somewhat cooler, which is better for seeing the outdoor attractions of the city. But since this is also the busiest travel time of year, major attractions can anticipate more people. Off-peak months might provide a more sedate experience, but be ready for the odd downpour.

Getting About

Accessed by road, rail, and air, Anuradhapura is about 205 kilometers from Colombo. One may get into the city by:
Train: The trip to Anuradhapura by train from Colombo is pleasant and picturesque. Taking in the stunning Sri Lankan scenery is possible via the train.
Bus : Anuradhapura is reached from Colombo by regular and reasonably priced buses. Although buses are less expensive, their frequent stops might make them take longer.
For a more personalized trip, consider getting a private car or taxi. Explore at your own speed with this convenient and flexible choice.
Rooms : There are plenty more lodging choices in Anuradhapura to fit every taste and budget. One may find appropriate housing anywhere, from posh hotels and guesthouses to inexpensive hostels and homestays. Booking lodging in advance is advised, particularly during important events and busy tourist seasons.

Meanwhile : 
Hire a tuk-tuk or bicycle to see Anuradhapura at its finest. There are many historic ruins dispersed across a wide region, and riding lets you take in the beautiful surroundings. A practical and reasonably priced way of getting around is a tuk-tuk. To prevent misunderstandings, make sure you and the driver agree on the price before you leave.
Dress Code and Manners : 
Visit the sacred sites of Anuradhapura with modesty and reverence. Both men and women should cover their knees and shoulders. It is hot and humid, so wear light, breathable clothing. Especially at holy sites, remove your shoes and headwear and act silently and courteously while visiting temples.

Keeping safe and hydrated :
The noon sun may make Anuradhapura rather hot. Take along plenty of water to keep yourself hydrated. Wear sunscreen, hats, and sunglasses to shield yourself from the sun. One must have comfortable walking shoes.
the amount of walking and climbing you will be doing.

Discovery Tours
Hire a local guide to learn more about the cultural and historical importance of Anuradhapura. Skilled guides may provide information and tales you would not otherwise hear. You may book guided tours with several tour operators via your hotel or travel agency.

Other Events and Activities
Beyond the ancient buildings, Anuradhapura offers a number of additional things to do and see.

Wildlife Safaris : Discover the varied birdlife, elephants, and leopards of the neighboring Wilpattu National Park.
To fully appreciate Sri Lanka’s rich cultural legacy, go to traditional dance and music events.
Local Cuisine: At neighborhood eateries and food carts, try real Sri Lankan cuisine. Savoury dishes include fresh seafood, hoppers, and rice and curry.
Handicrafts and souvenirs: Visit neighborhood markets and stores to purchase traditional